Rancang Bangun dan Uji Kinerja Rotary Slasher sebagai Alat Pemotong Gulma pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit
Abstract
Pertumbuhan gulma pada lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit menjadi salah satu yang dapat menurunkan efektivitas pengelolaan lahan sehingga diperlukan teknologi mekanisasi yang mampu mempercepat proses pemotongan gulma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang, membuat, dan menguji kinerja Rotary Slasher sebagai alat bantu pemotong gulma serta menghitung biaya pembuatannya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di PT Subur Arum Makmur, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau dengan metode rancang bangun dan pengujian lapangan. Tahapan penelitian meliputi perancangan desain, pembuatan komponen, perakitan alat, pengujian fungsi, serta pengujian kinerja pada berbagai variasi putaran pisau yaitu 800, 1300, 1800, dan 2200 rpm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kapasitas kerja alat, tingkat pemotongan gulma, efisiensi lapangan, dan biaya pembuatan Rotary Slasher.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rotary Slasher berhasil dibuat dengan dimensi panjang 170 cm dan lebar kerja 160 cm menggunakan sistem penggerak Power Take-Off (PTO) traktor. Kinerja terbaik diperoleh pada putaran 2200 rpm dengan rata-rata berat gulma terpotong sebesar 26,53 kg dan persentase pemotongan sebesar 88,94%. Alat memiliki kapasitas lapang efektif 2,01 ha/jam, serta efisiensi lapang sebesar 99,11%. Total biaya pembuatan material Rp. 4.945.000.00, dan biaya tenaga kerja 1.886.000.00 dengan total keseluruhan sebesar Rp6.831.990,00. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, Rotary Slasher dapat menjadi alternatif teknologi mekanisasi yang efektif, efisien, dan ekonomis untuk mendukung pengendalian gulma pada lahan perkebunan.
Kata kunci: Rotary Slasher, Kapasitas kerja mesin, Alat pemotongan gulma, RPM mesin, Rancang bangun mesin.
Abstract
Weed growth on oil palm plantation land is one factor that can reduce the effectiveness of land management; therefore, mechanization technology capable of accelerating the weed-cutting process is needed. This study aims to design, build, and test the performance of a Rotary Slasher as a weed-cutting tool, as well as to calculate its manufacturing costs. The study was conducted at PT Subur Arum Makmur, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, using design and field testing methods. The research stages included design development, component fabrication, tool assembly, functional testing, and performance testing at various blade rotation speeds, namely 800, 1300, 1800, and 2200 rpm. The parameters observed included the machine’s working capacity, weed cutting rate, field efficiency, and the manufacturing cost of the Rotary Slasher.
The results of the study showed that the Rotary Slasher was successfully built with dimensions of 170 cm in length and 160 cm in working width, using the tractor’s Power Take-Off (PTO) system. The best performance was achieved at 2200 rpm with an average weight of cut weeds of 26.53 kg and a cutting percentage of 88.94%. The machine has an effective field capacity of 2.01 ha/hour and a field efficiency of 99.11%. The total material cost was Rp. 4,945,000.00, and labor costs of 1,886,000.00, for a grand total of Rp6,831,990.00. Based on these results, the Rotary Slasher can serve as an effective, efficient, and economical mechanization alternative to support weed control on plantation land.
Keywords: Rotary Slasher, machine working capacity, weed cutting tool, machine RPM, machine design.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muharizal Andri Andri, Nuraeni Dwi Dharmawati, Adhi Tri Setiono

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