Inovasi Reaktor Pirolisis Produksi Biochar Berbahan Baku Organic Waste Slurry Dari Sampah Perkotaan Terpilah Dengan Kontrol Tekanan
Abstract
The application of this technology aims to develop a pyrolysis reactor for Organic Waste Slurry, designed to convert urban organic waste into high-quality biochar, with a self-sufficient pressure control system for energy efficiency. The methodology employed in this study includes performance testing of the pyrolysis reactor equipped with automatic temperature control and a system to utilize pyrolysis gas as an internal fuel source. Organic waste was processed at pyrolysis temperatures ranging from 400–500°C to produce biochar with a high fixed carbon content. Testing was conducted on several soil samples with added biochar to assess its impact on water retention and nutrient availability. The results of the study indicate that the biochar produced from the Organic Waste Slurry reactor has a fixed carbon content of around 65–70%, along with optimal physical and chemical stability for use as a soil amendment. This biochar increased the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil by up to 30% and improved soil water content by 15% compared to controls without biochar. Quantitatively, the reactor successfully reduced the volume of organic waste by 50% and generated biochar that enhanced soil fertility, positively impacting urban agricultural productivity. The mechanisms and processes in the Organic Waste Slurry pyrolysis reactor were found to be effective as a solution for urban organic waste management, reducing carbon emissions, and improving soil quality sustainably. This technology shows a positive trend in energy efficiency and applications for environmental agriculture and food security.
Downloads
References
Adekiya et al., 2020, Effect of biochar on soil properties, soil loss, and cocoyam yield on a tropical sandy loam Alfisol, Sci. World J., 2020 (2020), pp. 1-9, 10.1155/2020/9391630
Ahmed Elsayed, et.al, 2023, The joint application of biochar and nitrogen enhances fruit yield, quality and water-nitrogen productivity of water-stressed greenhouse tomato under drip fertigation, Agricultural Water Management, Volume 290, 1 December 2023, 108605, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108605
Andreas Hagenbo, et.al (2022), Climate change mitigation potential of biochar from forestry residues under boreal condition, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 807, Part 3, 10 February 2022, 151044.
Arthur et al., 2020, Clay content and mineralogy, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity affect water vapour sorption hysteresis of soil, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 71 (2) (2020), pp. 204-214, https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12853
Bahng, M., et.al, (2009). Current technologies for analysis of biomass thermochemical processing: A review. Analytica Chimica Acta, 651, 117–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2009.08.016
C. Park, et.al, (2015), “Effect of process operating conditions in the biomass torrefaction:A simulation study using one-dimensional reactor and process model,” Energy 79, 127–139 (2015).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.10.085
David Lefebvre, et.al, (2023), Biomass residue to carbon dioxide removal: quantifying the global impact of biochar, Biochar, Volume 5, article number 65, (2023)
DOI:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.03.029
Domingues et al., 2020, Enhancing cation exchange capacity of weathered soils using biochar: feedstock, pyrolysis conditions and addition rate Agronomy, 10 (6) (2020), p. 824, DOI; https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/6/824
Farah Amalina, et.al, 2022, A comprehensive assessment of the method for producing biochar, its characterization, stability, and potential applications in regenerative economic sustainability – A review, Cleaner Materials, Volume 3, March 2022, 100045, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clema.2022.100045
Fidel et al., 2018, Sorption of ammonium and nitrate to biochars is electrostatic and pH-dependent, Sci. Rep., 8 (1) (2018), Article 17627, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35534-w
Hossain et al., 2020, Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant Biochar, 2 (2020), pp. 379-420, 10.1007/s42773-020-00065-z
Ilyas et al., 2021, Diverse feedstock’s biochars as supplementary K fertilizer improves maize productivity, soil organic C and KUE under semiarid climate Soil Tillage Res., 211 (2021), 10.1016/j.still.2021.105015
Jessica Graça, et.al, 2024, Pyrolysis, a recovery solution to reduce landfilling of residual organic waste generated from mixed municipal waste, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(21):30676-30687.DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33282-1
Jindo et al., 2020, Role of biochar in promoting circular economy in the agriculture sector. Part 1: A review of the biochar roles in soil N, P and K cycles, Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric., 7 (2020), Article 15, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-020-00182-8
Jones MW, et.al, (2023) National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide since 1850. Scientific Data 10(1):155. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02041-1
Kinney, T.J., et.al, 2012, Hydrologic properties of biochars produced at different temperatures. Biomass Bioenergy 2012, 41, 34–43.
Koji Kameyama et.al, 2019, The Preliminary Study of Water-Retention Related Properties of Biochar Produced from Various Feedstock at Different Pyrolysis Temperatures, Materials 2019, 12(11), 1732; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12111732
L. B. Direkto, et.al, (2020), Comparison of the Efficiency of the Reactors for Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Biomass, Thermal Engineering, 67(5):296-303, DOI: 10.1134/S0040601520050043
Li et al., 2018, Impact of biochar addition on soil properties and water-fertilizer productivity of tomato in semi-arid region of Inner Mongolia, China, Geoderma, 331 (2018), pp. 100-108, . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.06.014
Li S, Skelly S (2023) Physicochemical properties and applications of biochars derived from municipal solid waste: a review. Environ. Adv 13:100395
Manyà et al., 2018, Biochar production through slow pyrolysis of different biomass materials: Seeking the best operating conditions, Biomass Bioenergy, 117 (2018), pp. 115-123
Ndoung et al., 2021, A scoping review on biochar-based fertilizers: Enrichment techniques and agro-environmental application, Heliyon, 7 (12) (2021), DOI; https://doi.org/e08473, 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08473
Omondi et al., 2016, Quantification of biochar effects on soil hydrological properties using meta-analysis of literature data, Geoderma, 274 (2016), pp. 28-34,
Sahar Safarian, (2023), Performance analysis of sustainable technologies for biochar production: A comprehensive review, Energy Reports, Volume 9, December 2023, Pages 4574-4593, DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2023.03.111
Sirjana Adhikari, 2024, Identifying biochar production variables to maximise exchangeable cations and increase nutrient availability in soils, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 446, 141454, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141454
V. I. Kovenskii, et.al, (2010), Modeling of superheated-steam drying of biofuel in a fluidized bed, J. Eng. Thermophys. 83, 764–769, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10891-010-0395-2
Xiaolei Sun, et.al, 2024, Biochar effects on soil nitrogen retention, leaching and yield of perennial citron daylily under three irrigation regimes, 2024, Agricultural Water Management, 296(5):108788, DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108788
Zhiwei Wang, et.al, (2021), Co-pyrolysis of waste plastic and solid biomass for synergistic production of biofuels and chemicals-A review, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Volume 84, May 2021, 100899, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2020.100899
Copyright (c) 2024 Tris Sugiarto, Junun Sartohadi, Nur Ainun Harlin Jennie Pulungan, Ngadisih Ngadisih, YB Praharto, Nurul Hidayati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
